河南专升本英语阅读理解详讲

专升本英语考试中的阅读理解测试的目的是考察学生通过阅读文章获得信息的能力，对考生的基本要求是通过阅读，能确定文章的却的含义，辨认与中心思想有关的事实和细节，能根据上下文的语义推断出词语或句子的确切含义，能根据文章的语意结构，得出合乎逻辑的结论，进行合理的推论及概括。专升本的阅读理解文章，一般都属于下列三种题材：记叙文、说明文、议论文。题型一般分为主旨大意题，推理判断题，事实细节题和词语理解题，针对不同的文章和不同的题型，考生应先从宏观上把握各类文章和各个题型的特点，在做阅读理解题目的过程中做到心中有数。下面笔者将从考生阅读中易暴露出的问题，文章阅读策略，题型分析，解题技巧等方面对专升本英语阅读理解部分进行详尽阐述。

考生在阅读中暴露出哪些问题，如何解决？

问题一：词汇量不足

解决方法：首先，熟悉专升本考试要求中每个词汇的基本词义，达到对大港词汇的精通熟练，其次，提高猜测词义的能力。考生应学会根据构词法，句子的语法结构以及上下文等猜测词义。

问题二：知识面过窄，有些考生对一些基本的人文知识和科普常识，知之甚少或者一无所知，造成一定的阅读理解障碍。

问题三：有不良的阅读习惯

造成考生阅读速度缓慢，效率低下的不良阅读习惯极其解决办法如下：

1逐词阅读。其表现为：小声读出每个单词，心中默读每个单词，随指头或者笔头的移动阅读，这样的阅读把注意力集中在读懂材料的字面意义上，只见树木，不见深林，不仅忽略了对整体的把握，而且容易读后忘前。正确的阅读方法应该是只看不读，眼睛按意义单位移动目光，每一眼要看三到四个或更多的词，每行只停两三处，可把目光集中在一个词组的某个中心词，宜居中的几个关键词祖上，眼睛要快速搜索信息并及时反映给大脑，大脑的反应速度要跟上眼睛的浏览速度

2回读，即不断地重复阅读。初读时，考生应坚持往下阅读，出现难点可暂时跳过，予以忽略，等到解题时再回到定位的具体部分进行精读。

3译读，即先把英语词汇翻译成相应翻译成相应的汉语，然后连词成句进行理解，这样的方法一方面造成阅读速度缓慢，另一方面当遇到一词多义时，很可能会出现理解上的偏差，考生应学会抓住句子主干的方法解读句子的核心思想，并培养用英语思维的习惯。

4脱离原文，主观选择答案

解决办法，一切从原文出发，考生在解题时，必须回到文中定位，仔细推敲原文，以原文的含义或对原文作出出的合理推断为依据来作答。

5感觉文章都看懂了，但总选错答案

解决办法：首先，要养成良好的思维习惯，每次作答前先审清题意，不要看到选项中与原来相似的词句就仓促选择。其次，熟悉干扰项的设置方法，不要轻易被干扰项所蒙蔽。

6阅读时间和答题时间分配不合理

解决办法：首先，掌握一定的阅读技巧和方法，提高阅读速度，为答题腾出更多的时间，其次，考试时不要抱着难题不放手，可以跳过去先做其他的题目，在解答其他几个简单题目的过程中，能加深对文章的理解，有助于难题的解答。

7阅读速度和节奏不对

考生总存在的一个普遍情况是不论看什么英文材料，都只注重理解，而不注意阅读速度，因而阅读效率、阅读水平都难以提高。对阅读的要求首先是理解，其次是速度，读的快不等于没有读，能够理解而阅读速度慢，意味着阅读能力不够，阅读的根本目的是理解，所以阅读速度也就是理解。

影响考生阅读速度的原因是多方面的，如果是因理解能力差造成的，就应加强语言基础只是和一般阅读技能训练，不宜一味追求加快阅读速度，而对于那些理解率高而速度慢的学生，应着重阅读速度的训练，纠正以前错误的阅读习惯，充分挖掘阅读潜力，考生平时应在能够理解文章的前提下进行速度训练，如掌握几种快速阅读的方法：通过阅读每段首尾句和文章首尾段迅速找出文章大意的略读，读出文章基本内容，作者立场，文章篇章结构的略读，目的性更强，寻找时间、地点、数字、等具体信息的寻读。考生还应根据的目的和具体要求，灵活地把握阅读是所需要理解的深度和阅读速度。浏览时要求尽快掌握全文大意，速度就要快些，检索信息，寻找答案时，速度也要快，找到有关句子或段落，需要仔细研究理解时则适当放慢速度。

英语阅读策略之宏观把握

阅读文章成千上万，如何从有限中把握规律才是关键。阅读文章总是按照每套试题四篇文章分布，于是众多学子也就按部就班。可是如果我们把自己读过的所有文章按照主题进行分类，比如分为社会生活类、经济类、科普类、文化类等等，到了考前，再按类别复习这些文章，我们不仅能系统掌握某一类别文章常用的词汇，也能把握该类文章的结构特点和出题规律。最好的方法是，我们一开始就制定分类标准，每做完一篇文章就在其标题后或首句前注明文章的类别，这样到了专转本考试前，归纳起来就容易多了。

在专升本英语考试中，由于时间有限，这就要求我们要在有限的时间里准确把握文章主旨，抓住文章重点信息，正确回答题目。为此，考生可以按照一定的策略阅读文章，提高阅读效率和解题准确度。

一、 先看题干，带着问题读文章。

即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。

二、 速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。

三、 详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。

文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。

四、 逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括题（中心思想，加标题等）和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。它必须忠实于原文；要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想象，随意揣测；它要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。只有吃透文章的字面意思，推理才有前提和基础。

推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,

imply, suggest, indicate等。

二、题型分析

在做阅读理解题目时我们发现，有些同学对文章一知半解而把题目做对，有些同学往往会出现文章读懂了但是题目总是做错，后者主要原因或是文章信息掌握不足，或是题目含义理解有偏差等，针对这些情况，笔者通过将专升本英语阅读题目进行分类整理，总结出相应的常考题型和应试技巧。考生专升本阅读理解文章，题型一般分为事实细节题，主旨大意题，推理判断题和词语理解题，每种题型都有其各自的特点，考生应注意在解题过程中将它们区分开来，以利于找出自己容易犯错误的题型，并有的放矢的训练，快速提高自己的解题能力。

1、  事实细节题

　　细节性题目是阅读理解题中出现最多的一类问题，大约占40％左右。问题有两种基本形式：完全式和不完全式，其中不完全式的问题占绝大多数。它们的问题是这样的：

1．完全式

Why do women seem less likely to be

promoted after marriage?

What did scientists learn about earthquakes

at the area?

According to the passage，how did the drums differ from many other drums?

According to the passage，through which of the following does the energy released?

2．不完全式

According to the passage，the new machine proved to be .

In the author's opinion，visual and spatial abilities are good for __________.

According to the passage，women are usually good at __________.

The Sun's light travels slowly when

____________.

可见这类问题大多是根据文章中的具体信息，如事实、例证、原因、特点、过程、论述等进行提问。和推测文章大意、标题，作者态度这类归纳推理题相比较，这种问题要容易些，因为其答案可以直接在文章中找到的。所以，这类问题也称之为"直接解答性问题"。

总的来讲事实细节题题目有如下特点：

1、题干上有五个W(what,why,who,when.where)一个H(how)提问

2、题干中明确的会提到时间、地点、人物或者事物等细节信息。

3、有可能针对文章中的一句话或者几句话发问。

4、题干和选项有可能考察一种因果关系。

解题的基本方法是：仔细阅读文章后的问题，根据问题中的关键词或词组，以此作为线索，返回文章查找问题的相关句，用这个相关句来对照选项，意思一致的就是答案。如何在文章中又快又准地找到答案，要具备这两方面的知识：

1．文章细节结构知识

一篇阅读理解文章，或长或短，都有一个中心思想。而文章就是围绕着这个中心思想展开的。支持和发展中心思想的细节主要是由描写特点特征，给予解释定义，分析原因结果，比较事物异同，提供数据事实，论述观点理由等构成的。但根据主题的不同性质，可以有不同侧重，这样就形成了不同的细节结构。如：

描述性结构(这种结构主要介绍事物，问题或倾向的特点、特征。对人物的描述如传记包括人的身体特征，家庭背景，成长过程，个性爱好，成就贡献等。因此文章中时间，地点，数据是主要细节)；

释义性结构(这种结构是解释某一理论，学科，事物。主要是用例子，比喻，类比进行阐述)；

   比较性结构(这种结构主要是对两个事物或人物在功能，特点，优缺点，贡献方面进行比较)；

   原因性结构(这种结构主要是分析事物的成因，客观的，主观的，直接的，间接的)；

   驳论性结构(这种结构主要是介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，分析其优缺点，或危害性，最后阐明自己的观点)。

  了解这些细节结构，我们就能知道某一特定的阅读理解文章问题会出哪方面的问题，从而在阅读中给有关细节较多的注意。在阅读中对这些细节作圈划记号，解答时就非常容易。

2．文章过渡词知识

   文章过渡词是篇章意义组织和传达的重要一部分。由于过渡词能够表示各种语义关系，如果考生在这方面有一定的知识，往往可以借助它们搞清文章的来龙去脉，不读具体细节，也能猜上文或者下文讲的是什么。更重要的是过渡词在文章中比较突出、醒目，在查证时容易找。在阅读中，如把它们圈出，答题就容易多了。因为绝大多数细节性的问题和它们有密切的联系。根据我们统计，问题中除了问大意、中心思想的，60％以上是问细节的，而只要问细节，90％以上牵涉到原因，特点，功能，理由，事实，优缺点等。而这些东西往往是用表示各种语义的过渡词来引出的。

根据过渡词表示的语义和逻辑关系，我们可以分类为：

1) 举例

for

example, for instance, as a case in point, as an illustration, such as, say,

e.g.

2) 释义

that is, that is to say, in other words, so

to speak, or rather, namely

3) 原因

because, because of, for, as, owing to,

thanks to, due to,  now that, since, as a

result of, attribute to, in that

4) 条件

if, unless, whether, provided that, given,

as long as, on condition that, otherwise

5) 让步

despite, in spite of, though, although,

nevertheless, but, however, admittedly, it is true…but, after all

6) 结果

for this reason, therefore, consequently,

accordingly, hence, as a result, thus, in short, in a word, to sum up, to

conclude

7)比较

similarly,

like, likewise, in the same way, much……, as much, no more……, than, just as…… so

8)对照

whereas, instead, however, unlike, on the

contrary, in contrast, on the other hand, while, some……, others

9)层进

first, in the first place, to begin with,

second, next, in addition to, besides, moreover, furthermore, third, finally

10)强调

indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly,

above all, most importantly, worst of all

11)目的

in order to, in an effort to, so as to, in

order that, for fear that, in case, least

12)先后

shortly after, earlier, later, afterwards,

after, before, once, meanwhile, since, until, when, while, the moment, as soon

as

13)指示

this, that, these, this accounts for, this

helps explain, that's why

例如2010年Passage Two前四道题全部考察细节判断

Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois.

In the nearly sixty two years of his life that followed, he built a literary

fame unsurpassed（无法超越）in the twentieth century.

As a boy he was taught by his father to hunt

and fish along the shores and in the forests around Lake

Michigan. The Hemingways had a summer house in northern Michigan, and the family

would spend the summer months there trying to stay cool. Hemingway would either

fish the different streams that ran into the lake, or would take the small boat

out to do some fishing there. He would also go squirrel hunting in the woods,

discovering early in life the peace to be found while alone in the forest or

going through a stream. It was something he could always go back to throughout his life, and though he often

found himself living in major cities like Chicago, Toronto and Paris early in

his life, once he became successful he chose somewhat isolated places to live

in.

When he wasn’t hunting or fishing his mother

taught him the good points of music. She was a skilled singer who once had

wished a life on stage, but at last settled down with her husband and spent her

time by giving voice and music lessons to local children, including her own.

Hemingway was never talented for music and suffered through singing practices

and music lessons, however, the musical knowledge he got from his mother helped

him share in his first wife Hadley’s interest in the piano.

66. Ernest Hemingway died in _______ .

A. 1969                         B.

1979                       C. 1981                       D. 1961

66解析.D 细节事实题。由第一段得知海明威出生于1899年，享年62岁，可算出D正确。

67. Which of the following

statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. His father taught him to fish

and hunt when he was a boy.

B. His family had a summer house in northern Michigan.

C. He taught himself music when he

was a boy.

D. He also went squirrel hunting

in the woods.

67. 解析C 细节事实题。第三段第一行告诉我们“his mother taught hime the good

points of music”,所以C项陈述错误，符合题意。

68. After he became successful,

Ernest Hemingway _______ .

A. preferred to stay in big cities

B. chose to live in somewhat

isolated places

C. moved his family to Paris

D. killed himself

68. 解析B 细节事实题。从第二段最后一句话“once he became successful he chose

somewhat isolated places to live in”可知B正确。

69. Being talented in music,

Hemingway’s mother once wanted to _______ .

A. be a music teacher

B. help Hemingway learn music

C. perform on the stage as a

singer

D. marry a rich husband

69. 解析C 细节事实题。根据最后一段第二行“she was a skilled singer who once

had wished a life on stage”可知C正确。

70.A 推理判断题。根据文章大意可推断出这篇文章最有可能出自于A文学传记。

2、主旨大意题

主旨是一篇文章或者一个段落的核心，是作者写作意图的体现，就专升本英语而言，文章或段落的主旨通常是以主题句的形式出现，这类题型主要是用来考查考生是否了解了文章或者段落的主旨和大意，也是考查考生区别主要信息和次要信息的能力。

主旨大意题的题目标志有：best title main idea main problem

conclusion mainly disguss mainly deal with或者问作者的写作目的purpose the author intends to do

sth a digest of

主旨大意题又分为段落主旨大意和文章主旨大意，由于题目顺序和文章段落顺序具有一致性，在做题目时可根据其位置来大致判断其考察的是段落主旨还是文章主旨，对于段落主旨题，选项不能选范围过宽的信息，对于文章主旨题，则不能选择范围过窄的局部信息。

例如2010年Passage one

Thousands of years ago, in the middle of an

ocean, miles from the nearest island, an undersea volcano broke out. The hot

liquid got higher and higher and spread wider and wider. In this way, an island

rose up in the sea.  

　  As time went on, hot sun and

cool rains made the rock split and break to pieces. Sea waves hit against the

rock. In this way, soil and sand came into being.  

　  Nothing lived on the naked

soil. And then the wind and birds brought plant seeds, spiders and other little

living things there. Only plants could grow first. Only they, in sunlight,

could produce food from the soil, water and air. While many animals landed on

the island, they could find no food. A spider made its web uselessly, because

there were no insects(昆虫) for its web to catch. Insects

couldn’t stay until there were plants for them to eat. So plants had to be the

first life on this new island.  

61. The passage centers on _______ .

      A. how an undersea volcano broke out

      B. how an island rose up in the sea

      C. how soil was formed on a new island

      D. how life began on a volcano- produced

island

3、推理判断题

逻辑推理题与细节题有所相似，也是对文章具体内容进行判断，不同的是，他不但要求考生掌握文章所表达的字面含义，还要求考生依靠自己的逻辑推理能力，从上下文的连贯性及相关暗示去明晰作者隐含意思，专升本英语阅读考试中，此类型往往出题分量大，难度大，出错也最多，考生应对之多加训练。这类题目的特点是往往出现infer imply learn等标志性词汇。做题时看是否可以通过题干返回原文，或者依据选项返回原文，一般围绕文章中的一两个重点句进行思考，特别注意文章中含义深刻或者结构复杂的句子。因为对作者所表达的意思不能一下子理解的长难句是命题所在。绝大多数推理题答案是文章中心或原文某句话的同义表达。正确答案与原文之间基本上不存在推理关系。

例如2010年Passage one第70题

70. The passage is most probably

from _______ .

A. a literary biography                                 B. a science

textbook

C. a term paper                                             D.

a personal diary

4、词义理解题

词汇语义是专升本英语阅读测试总重要的一项，词汇语义类一般是就细节进行提问，往往要求对文章中的某个单词、短语甚至句子等找出近义词或者最合适的解释，因此词汇含义题在很大程度上是根据上下文推测词义。解题过程中应注意以下两点。

1、如该单词认识，并且不超纲，那么他的字面意思绝对不是正确答案。其正确答案是根据上下文推出的更深层的含义，该含义也许与原单词表面意思没有关系。

2、方法借助上下文理解，在上下文中寻找同性词或词组，利用上下文中逻辑关系将四个选项代入替换，看语义是否通顺。

例如2010年Passage one第63题

63. The word "naked" (in

para. 3) could be replaced by which of the following?

  A. red                                      B.

new                        C. old                           D. bare

63.D 词义猜测题。由“nothing lived”可知D bare的意思最接近naked.

解题技巧

1、

是非题

也称之为正误判断题，因为问的是选项中对文章中的事实的转述是否真实，提法是否正确，文章或作者是否提及。例如：

Which of the following statements is (not)

true?

Which of the following is (not) mentioned

in the passage?

Which of the following does not explain

_______ ?

All of the following are true except

________.

可见这些问题的四个选项要么是"一正三误"，即一项是对的，是符合文章事实的，其余三项均是错的；要么是"一误三正"，即一项是错的，是不合原文事实的，其余三项均是正确的。

解答这类问题，头脑应当清楚：问题是要求把正确的选项圈出，还是要求把错误的选项圈出。有的考生不看清问题，就去选择选项，想当然地把正确的，符合文章事实的一项圈出，而问题明明问的是Which of the following is not true (mentioned)，结果误选。

是非题的四个选项有三种情况：

1．四个选项中的信息集中在一、二个句子里。这种是非题比较容易做。只要找到相关句，细细读一下就不难选定正确答案。

2．四个选项中的信息集中在一段里。这样查读的范围要大一些，但还是比较容易的。验证一个，排除一个，答案就出来了。

3．四个选项中的信息分散在全文。这种是非题就比较难做，因为要化较多的时间去找各个相关句，一一去查证。一般说来，应首先把四个选项都看一遍，根据第一遍读的印象和基本常识，尽可能先排除掉一、二个，以减少查的选项。实在排除不了，需要到文章中去一一查证的，次序也应从易到难，即从印象最深的，相关句最易找的，最容易证实的那个选项开始查。

由于时间关系，要到全文中去一一查证四个选项，效率太低。因此我们还可以首先对所有选项作一分析，根据常理，根据自己的知识结构，看看哪一选项最有可能是答案。如问哪一个true，就把四个中最可能正确的一项挑出来首先去查证；如问哪一个NOT true，就把四个中最可能是错误的一项挑出来首先去查证。用这一方法，最多查证两项，答案就会出来。

2词汇题

搜索法：即把搜出的结果和选项对比一下。

代入法：即当搜索不出来时，把选项分别代入原文，看看哪一个通，那么就是哪一个。

① 返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。

② 注意结合上下文理解该单词的含义。

③ 如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。

④ 词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。

⑤ 寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组（动词词组）的意思，我们就向上向下搜索名词词组（动词词组）。

隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。

3、句子理解题 ：

① 返回原文找到原句。

② 对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析，应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。

③ 一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。

④ 句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。

    思路： 对句子微观分析à 不行就依据上下文à 选择时不要推得过远。

4、  推理题 ：“最近原则”

① 标志： learn, infer, imply, inform

② 看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。

③ 依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。因此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的远的要好。

④ 推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的比间接推的好。(原文的某句话变个说法)

注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。

5、  主旨题 ：

“串线摘帽”

即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。

① 主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title

② 串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。（主要针对自然段少的文章；针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系中心句。找一个和中心句最贴近的）

③ 小心首段陷阱。

④ 逆向思维法、快速作文法。

⑤ 主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：

⑴ 局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容；

⑵ 范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。

6、 作者态度题 ：

 ① 标志：attitude

 ② 应精确理解四个选项的含义。

 ③ 不要掺杂自己的观点。

 ④ 可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。如：fortunately,

excessively, too many.

 ⑤ 举例的方式。

 ⑥ 抓论述的主线。把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。

 ⑦ 做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。

7、正确答案的特征：

 ① 正确答案经常与中心思想有关。

 ② 正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。

 ③ 正确答案经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。

 ④ 从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can,

may, might, possible, not necessarily, some.

 ⑤ 正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。

8、 错误答案的特征：

第一大层次：① 无中生有 （未提及的概念）；

② 正反混淆 （选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反）；

③ 所答非所问 （虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边）

第二大层次：① 过分绝对；

② 扩大范围（注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly）；

③ 因果倒置；

④ 常识判断；

⑤ 推得过远；

⑥ 偏离中心；

⑦ 变换词性。

常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现；如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。

能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。

真题点津

Passage One

I’m a Chinese student

studying in Canada.

I have been a boarder with the Carsons

for more than a year and a half.

The Carsons

live in their own house, which has four bedrooms including the one in the

basement which I live in. Judy does all the work in the house and Andrew is

responsible for the work in the garden. When they go out in the evening, they often

ask me to look after their children.

Judy’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. Morris, lived in

another city. Judy was their only child and naturally they doted on (溺爱) Judy’s children. They often sent the children presents.

Last April Mr. Morris died. Now that Mrs.

Morris was quite alone, I expected that Judy would want her to come and live

with them. One day, Margaret told me grandma was coming to live with them and

her daddy and mummy would want my room back. The news didn’t surprise me and

the next day I went to Judy and asked her about it. I said I couldn’t think of

living in their basement room any longer if it was needed for Mrs. Morris. Judy

seemed surprised at first. Then she told me there was no need for me to move,

for they hadn’t yet come to any decision about her mother coming to live with

them. “Naturally I’m worried about my mother. She has been in poor health.” She

smiled sadly and added. “To be honest, Andrew and my mother have never got on

well. We’ll wait a bit and see what happens. Perhaps Mother will be all right

living herself, or perhaps they will both change their minds.”

That was six months ago. During this time I’ve

heard that Mrs. Morris has had two illnesses and that her health has got worse.

A nursing home was mentioned once but Mrs. Morris refused to go there. So up to

now she’s still living alone and I’m still living in the basement room.

61. What

is the relationship between the speaker and the Carsons?

A. He is a brother of

Andrew Carson.

B. He is a close

friend of the Carsons.

C. He is a relative

of Judy Carson.

D. He is a student

who pays to live and have meals at the Carsons’

house.

解析：答案是D。由第一段“I’m a

Chinese student studying in Canada. I have been a boarder with the Carsons for

more than a year and a half.”可知作者是跟留学生，在Carson家庭里寄膳宿。选项D正确。

62. Why

did the speaker expect Mrs. Morris to come to live with her daughter?

A. Because Mr. Morris

was dead.

B. Because Mrs.

Morris suffered from illness.

C. Because Mrs.

Morris lived all by herself.

D. Because of all the

reasons mentioned in A, B and C.

解析：答案是D。由文章的第四段可知，Mr. Morris去世了，Mrs. Morris一个人住，而且她的身体不好。所以作者就认为Mrs. Morris的女儿会把她接过去一起住。选项D正确。

63. Which

of the following statements is NOT

true according to the passage?

A. Mrs. Morris loved

her grandchildren very much.

B. Judy had no

brothers or sisters to look after her mother.

C. Mrs. Morris was

coming to live with the Carsons,

so they asked the speaker to move.

D. The Carsons once

suggested that Mrs. Morris go to live in a nursing home.

解析：答案是C。由第三段“Judy’s

parents…naturally they doted on (溺爱) Judy’s

children.”可知，Mrs. Morris非常疼爱她的外孙女，所以选项A的说法是对的；由第三段“Judy was

their only child”可知Judy是个独生女，所以没有其他的兄弟姐妹可以照顾她的母亲，选项B说法也是对的；由第三段作者去主动要求搬出去的时候，Judy感到惊讶，可知他们并没有要求作者搬走，选项C说法不对；由文章最后一段“A nursing home was mentioned once but Mrs. Morris refused to go

there.”可知选项D说法也是对的。所以本题答案是C。

64. Why

didn’t Mrs. Morris come to live with her daughter’s family?

A. Because she did

not have a good relationship with her son-in-law.

B. Because she did

not want to leave her own house.

C. Because she was in

rather poor health and could not come.

D. Because the speaker lived in the basement room and there was no

other room for her to live in.

解析：答案是A。由文章中第四段“Andrew and

my mother have never got on well”可知Mrs. Morris和她的女婿相处的不好，所以本题的正确选项是A。

65. Which

of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Family

Relationships in Canada             B.

The Boarder

C. My Landlady                             D.

Nursing Homes and the Aged

解析：答案是C。通读全文可知，作者是在讲和他的女房东有关的事情，所以本文的最佳标题应该是选项C.

My Landlady。

Passage Two

Overhead bridges are found in many parts

of Beijing,

especially in places where traffic is very heavy and crossing the road is

dangerous.

The purpose of these bridges is to enable

pedestrians to cross roads safely. Overhead bridges are used in very much the

same way as zebra crossings. They are more efficient although less convenient

because people have to climb up a long flight of steps. This is inconvenient

especially to older people. When pedestrians use an overhead bridge, they do

not hold up traffic. However, when they cross a busy road using a zebra crossing, traffic is

held up. This is why the government has built many overhead bridges to help

pedestrians and to keep traffic moving at the same time.

The government of Beijing has spent a large amount of money on

building these bridges. For their own safety, pedestrians should be encouraged

to use them instead of risking their lives by dashing across the road. Old

people, however, may find it a little difficult climbing up and down the steps,

but it is still much safer than walking across the road with all the danger of

moving traffic.

Overhead bridges serve a very useful purpose.

Pedestrians, both old and young, should make it a habit to use them. This will

prevent unnecessary accidents and loss of life.

66. What

is the advantage of overhead bridges mentioned in this passage?

A. They are safer for

pedestrians and can keep traffic moving at the same time.

B. Pedestrians can

climb up and have a view of the city.

C. Taller trucks can

pass under them.

D. They are easier

and more convenient for the pedestrians.

解析：答案是A。由第二段第一句话“The purpose

of these bridges is to enable pedestrians to cross roads safely”和最后一句“built many overhead bridges to help pedestrians and to keep traffic

moving at the same time.”可知，选项A正确。天桥的优点是使步行的人更安全，而且在过路的同时车辆依然可以通行。

67. Why were overhead

bridges built in Beijing?

A. Because they save

money for the government.

B. Because they

provide an easy way for the drivers to cross the road.

C. Because they

prevent traffic from being held up.

D. Because they save

time for the pedestrians.

解析：答案是C。由第二段的最后一句话“This is why

the government has built many overhead bridges to help pedestrians and to keep

traffic moving at the same time”可知，北京建天桥是为了不阻碍车辆通行。选项C正确。

68. Which of the

following statements is TRUE

according to the passage?

A. Overhead bridges

are found in places where traffic is heavy.

B. Overhead bridges

are only found in the centre of Beijing.

C. Overhead bridges

are found in many parts of big cities in China.

D. Overhead bridges

are found in every part of Beijing.

解析：答案是A。由文章第一段可知，天桥一般建在交通拥挤和通行危险的地方，所以选项A正确。

69. The underlined part

“a zebra crossing” probably means _______.

A. a safe place

across a road for older people to rest in

B. a wild animal from Africa that

looks like a horse with broad dark brown and white stripes on its body

C. a safe place

across a road for zebras to walk across the road

D. a safe place

across a road for pedestrians to walk across the road

解析：答案是D。“zebra crossing”意思是“斑马线”；是让行人安全通行的地方，选项D正确。

70. What is the

writer’s attitude towards overhead bridges?

A. It is inconvenient

for older people to walk across the road.

B. To build overhead

bridges is the business of the government.

C. An overhead bridge

is more beautiful than a zebra crossing.

D. It is much safer for pedestrians though climbing up and down

the steps may be a little difficult.

解析：答案是D。题干是：对于天桥作者的观点是什么？A选项“直接穿过马路对老人来说不方便”，文中提到的是过天桥对老人来说不太方便，所以A项不对；B选项“建设天桥是政府的责任”，这显然不是作者对天桥的观点；C选项“天桥比斑马线漂亮”，文中没有提到这样的说法；选项D“对行人来说，虽然登上天桥有点困难和麻烦，但是更安全。”选项D是作者的观点。

Passage Three

There was a time

when, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately

stand up and offer her his seat. No more, though. Today, a gentleman will

probably look out of the window, or, if he feels a bit guilty, hide behind his

newspaper. Either way, the lady will have to stand until someone else gets off.

You can’t entirely

blame men for this change in manners. The days are gone when women could be

referred to as the weaker sex. A whole generation of women has grown up

demanding equality with men; not just equality in jobs or education, but in

social attitudes. Hold a door open for some women and you’re likely to get an

angry lecture on treating women as inferiors (能力低下的人) unable

to open door for themselves. Take a girl out for a meal and she’ll probably

insist on paying her share of the bill; though on second thoughts perhaps that’s

not such a bad idea.

It’s no wonder, then,

that men have given up some of the gestures of politeness and consideration which

they used to show towards women. On the other hand, automatic male (men)

politeness is perhaps slowly being replaced by true consideration for the needs

of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.

Maybe that’s worth

standing in the bus or train.

71. Today, when a

lady gets on a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would probably ________.

A. stand up and offer

her his seat

B. read his newspaper

C. look out of the

window

D. not stand up and

offer her his seat

解析：答案是D。由文章第一段可知，以前如果一个女士上了一辆拥挤的火车或公交车，男士就会主动让座，但是现在不同了，这样的事情发生是，男士们有可能看着窗外，有可能埋头看报纸，总之就是不会主动给女士让座。所以选项D是最佳答案。

72. What

men do towards women on a crowded bus or train is ________.

A. really bad                                B. strange enough

C. not entirely

wrong                        D. entirely wrong

解析：答案是C。由文章第二段开头“ou can’t

entirely blame men for this change in manners.”可知，男士所做的这样的事情并不是完全错的。

73. The

new generation of women wants to be ________.

A. treated not as the

weaker sex

B. treated as the

weaker sex

C. cared for on buses

and trains

D. better treated

than before

解析：答案是A。由文章第二段第二句话“The days

are gone when women could be referred to as the weaker sex”可知，女性被看作弱势群体的时代已经过去了，这与选项A说法一致。

74.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT correct?

A. Some women may get

angry if you open the door for them.

B. Girls don’t want

you to pay for meal at all.

C. Some women may

criticize you if you show too much politeness to them.

D. A girl may be

unhappy if you insist on paying her share of the bill.

解析：答案是B。由文章第二段和第三段可知，如果你主动给女士开门有可能换来她的怒视；如果对女士太客气，会让她们认为受到了歧视，这样就会遭到批判；如果和女孩一起吃饭，有的女孩会坚持自己付账。再看四个选项，选项B说法太绝对了，所答案是B。

75. From this

passage, we know that________.

A. women need true

consideration of their needs and feelings

B. men have given up

some politeness they used to show to women

C. women often get

angry if you’re polite to them

D. women should stand

in the bus or train

解析：答案是A。由文章第三段可知，女性需要对她们需要和想法的真正关心。与选项A说法相符。

Passage Four

“Family” is of course an elastic word. But when British

people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of

“family” in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and

children living together in their own house as an economic and social unit.

Thus, every British marriage indicates the beginning of a new and independent

family — hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life.

For both the man and

the woman, marriage means leaving one’s parents and starting one’s own life.

The man’s first duty will then be to his wife, and the wife’s to her husband.

He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the

running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and

theirs alone. Neither the wife’s parents nor the husband’s, nor their brothers

or sisters, aunts or uncles, have any right to interfere with them — they are

their own masters.

Readers of novels

like Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice

will know that in former times marriage among wealthy families was arranged by

the girl’s parents, that is, it was the parents’ duty to find a suitable

husband for their daughter, preferably a rich one, and by skillful

encouragement to lead him eventually to ask their permission to marry her.

Until that time, the girl was protected and maintained in the parents’ home,

and the financial relief of getting rid of her could be seen in their giving

the newly married pair a sum of money called a dowry(嫁妆). It is very different today. Most girls of today get a job when

they leave school and become financially independent before their marriage.

This has had two results: a girl chooses her own husband, and she gets no

dowry.

76. What

does the author mean by “ ‘Family’ is of

course an elastic word”?

A. Different families

have different ways of life.

B. Different nations

have different families.

C. Different

definitions could be given to the word.

D. Different times

produce different families.

解析：答案是C。根据文章意思，不同的文化，不同的国家，不同的人对家庭的定义都不一样，选项C符合文章意思。

77. For an

English family, the husband’s duty is _______.

A. supporting the

family while the wife is financial

B. financial while

the wife is running the home

C. defending the

family while the wife is running the home

D. independent while

the wife is dependent

解析：答案是B。由文章第二段第三句话“He will be

entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the

new home”可知，选项B正确。

78.

Everything is decided in a family _______.

A. by brothers and

sisters                     B.

with the help of their parents

C. by the couple                              D.

with the help of aunts and uncles

解析：答案是C。由文章第二段最后一句话可知，在英国除了夫妻双方以外的任何人都不能干涉一个家庭的决定。选项C正确。

79. What

is TRUE concerning the book Pride and Prejudice?

A. It is the best

book on marriage.

B. It is a handbook

of marriage.

C. It provides a lot

of information of former time wealthy families.

D. It gives quite

some ideas of English social life in the past.

解析：答案是D。《傲慢与偏见》是关于过去英国社会的一本书。选项D正确。

80. With regard to

marriage in Britain,

present day girls differ from former time girls in_______.

A. social

position                              

B. more parental

support

C. choosing

husbands                          

D. the right to marry

解析：答案是A。现代女孩对于婚姻的改变和其他方面的一切改变都是源于她们社会地位的改变。选项A正确。

真题演练

Passage

1  

Advertising follows us everywhere. Whenever

we turn on the television, listen to the radio or open a newspaper or magazine,

we are bombarded with advertisements. They invite us to try a new type of

orange juice, wear X-brand jeans or watch the latest film. They beg us to

notice the difference and discover the advantages. They exist to make us want

what they are selling.

Strangely, the more we are exposed to

advertising, the less we notice it. We get so used to seeing advertisements

everywhere that they become largely invisible, as if they were another part of

our everyday lives. But do that mean that we are no longer affected by them?

One advertising expert believes that the

special power of advertising lies in the fact that we do not pay much attention

to it. Dr. Krugman, who was head of research for a major advertising company

for many years, says that the less we notice ads, the more we are affected by

them. Dr. Krugman believes that when we stop noticing advertisements, we lower

our defenses, allowing the messages of the advertisements to be taken in and

stored, ready to be triggered into action at the right moment. He says that the

effects of advertising on the individual are small, but over a period of time

they have a powerful effect on the masses.

A market analyst says that all advertising,

no matter how innocent, is misleading in some way.

When asked about the power of advertising

in research surveys, most people agree that it works, but not on them. Almost

everyone believes that they have complete control over how thousands of ads

they see every day affect them.

【  】51. Ads exist to make people want         .

A. a new type of orange juice      

B. X-brand jeans

C. to watch the latest film        

D. what they advertise

【  】52. The more we see ads, the less we         .

A. pay attention to them          

B. feel tired of them

C. neglect them                

D. put up with them

【  】53. Although we may think we are not affected by them, Dr. Krugman

believes that advertisements affect         .

A. all of us                      B. most of us

C. some of us                  

D. a few individuals

【  】54. Dr. Krugman believes that when we stop noticing ads, we begin

to         .

A. like them                     B. be on guard against

them

C. accept them                   D. dislike them

【  】55. When asked about the power of ads, most people agree that ads

are ineffective on         .

        A. individuals       B. masses     C. others        D. them

51．D．细节题。由第一段最后一句可知，广告的存在就是促使我们购买他们正在销售的产品。而A、B和C选项只是众多广告中的一种产品，没有D选项概括。所以，选D项。

52．A．细节题。由第二段第一句可知，我们越多地接触广告，却越来越少地去注意它。所以，选A项。

53．A．推理题。由第三段可知，克拉格曼博士认为：虽然广告对个人的影响是微小的，但一段时间后，便会对大众有一股强有力的影响。所以，选A项。

54．C．推理题。由第三段可知，克拉格曼博士认为：当我们不再去注意广告时，就会降低防范，允许广告的信息侵入并贮存在大脑中，以致于在某一特定的时刻转换为购买。所以选C项。

55．D．细节题。由最后一段第一句可知，虽然，许多人都认为广告的确起作用了，但他们自己却没有受其影响。所以，选D项。

Passage 2  

Like most

people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not

until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving away

makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is

how I experimented with giving away. If an idea for improving the window

display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the

suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving away is that it

is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting

something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday

morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to

my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a

note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post office box for a

new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes

left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about

to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our

conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about

delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you certainly

are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You

don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but

complaints.”

【  】56. From the passage, we understand that         .

A.      the author did not understand the importance of giving until he was

in late thirties

B.    

the author was like most people

who were mostly receivers rather than givers

C.    

the author received the same

education as most people during his childhood

D.    

the author liked most people as

they looked upon life as a process of getting

【  】57. According to the author         .

A.      giving means you will lack money

B.    

the excitement of giving can

bring you money

C.    

you don’t have to be rich in

order to give

D.    

when you give away money, you

will be rich

【  】58.The author wrote a note of appreciation to the post office

because

       .

A.  he knew what such a note would

mean to the post office.                

B.  he had discovered

giving-away made life all the more exciting.

     C.  he

believed he would get something back by doing so.

D.  the postman delivered an

important letter in time.

【  】59. When the author needed a post office box,         .

A.      he had to put his name on a waiting list

B.      he wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation

C.      many people had applied for post-office boxes before him

D.      he asked the postmaster to make one for him

【  】60. In reply to the postmaster’s question, the author said         .

A.      it was the special delivery

B.      it was the post-office box

C.      it was the note of appreciation he wrote

D.      it was he who wrote him a letter a year ago

56．A．细节题。由文章前两句话可知，作者直到三十多岁时，才知道给予会使生活变得更加有趣。所以，选A项。

57．C．推理题。由作者自己的经历可知，帮助店主出主意，这种给予不是从物质上去帮助别人。所以，选C项。

58．D．推理题。由文中可知，尽管信封上写的是作者办公室的地址，但邮局把这封重要的邮件送到了作者家。可知，作者因邮局及时送递了一封重要的邮件而写信感谢。所以选

D项。

59．C．推理题。由文中作者被告知没有邮箱了，需要等很长时间。可知，在作者之前已经有很多人申请邮箱了。所以，选C项。

60．D．细节题。文中邮政局长问：你是不是一年前写了一封感谢信。作者回答：是。所以，选D项。

Passage

3  

Generations of Americans have been brought

up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life’s essentials. Eating

breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, is as necessary as

putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.

But for many people the thought of food

first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the

efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest years

for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast

increased by 33 percent ―from 8.8

million to 11.7 million ―according to

the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.

For those who feel pain or guilt about not

eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last

few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with

omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect performance.” Said

Arnold E.Bender, the former professor of nutrition at Queen

Elizabeth College

in London. “nor

does giving people breakfast improve performance.”

Scientific evidence linking breakfast to

better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the

recent work involves children, not adults. “The literature,”says one

researcher, Dr. Ernesto Pollitt at the University of Texas,

“is poor”.

【  】61. The passage is mainly concerned with         .

A.      a study of the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation

B.      one of life’s essentials

C.      latest figures of people who don’t eat breakfast

D.      breakfast and human health

【  】62. For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that         .

A.      several studies have been done in the past few years

B.      not eating breakfast does no harm to one’s health

C.      adults have especially made studies in this field

D.      eating little in the morning may be good for health

【  】63. In the third paragraph, “nor does giving people breakfast

improve performance.” means         .

A.      anyone without breakfast does improve his performance

B.      not giving people breakfast improves performance

C.      people having breakfast do improve their performance

D.      having breakfast does not improve performance, either

【  】64. The word “literature”in the last sentence refers to         .

A.      stories about breakfast

B.      written works on a particular subject

C.      any printed materials

D.      the modern novels of American

【  】65. What is implied but not stated by the author is that         .

A.      not eating breakfast might affect the health of children

B.      breakfast does not affect performance

C.      Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London

D.      People who don’t eat breakfast have increased

61．D．主旨题。通读全文可知，文章试图阐明早餐与身体健康的关系，有人认为早餐对健康有影响，而有的人则不以为然。

62．B．细节题。文章第三段研究结果表明，不吃早餐对人的身体并没有危害，这对不吃早餐者来说是个好消息。

63．D．词义题。这一句应与上句直接引语放在一起理解。本句的意思是：给人们吃早餐也不会使他们的身体更好些。

64．A．词义题。题干的大意是：最后一句中“literature”这个词指的是什么。英语中literature有很多意思，其中有选项B（关于某一课题的书面作品），还有选项C（印刷品、宣传品），还有“文学作品、文献”等意思。但根据上下文来看，此处只能指“人们对于早餐的看法及证据”（即选项A）。

65．A．推理题。作者在最后一段中指出，大多数对早餐与健康的研究都是针对儿童的。

Passage 4  

Each day, computers help millions of people

do their jobs more effectively. For example, they can help managers decide on a

future course of action, and they can then help with the follow-up checks on

performance to see if planned goals are being achieved. By using accurate and

timely facts supplied by data base management software, a manager can do a

better job of identifying problems and opportunities. And managers may not need

to spend as much time in controlling when a computer can respond with a

triggered report if actural performance varies from what was planned. The time

saved in controlling may allow managers to give more attention to employees’

concerns, and this, in turn, may result in improved morale(士气)。

But employment benefits certainly aren’t

restricted to managers. Healthcare researchers and other scientists also use

computers to conduct research into complex problem areas that couldn’t

otherwise be studied. Lawyers use online legal data banks to locate precedent(先前的) cases in order to serve clients better. Salespeople can receive

more timely information about products in stock, can promise customers that

their sales orders will be handled promptly, and can thus improve their sales

performance because of the computer system. And the job duties of some office

and factory workers have changed from routine, repetitive operations to more

varied and appealing tasks through computer usage. For example, office workers

who understand text processing, computing, and data communication usually have

vital roles and are given critical office functions to perform.

【  】66. Which of the following examples shows the controlling function

of a computer?

A.      Helping managers decide on a future course of action.

B.      Helping managers check if planned goals are reached.

C.      Helping managers save time in writing a report.

D.      Helping managers design a spreadsheet package.

【  】67. Employees may have better morale if         .

A.      they have more time to rest

B.      a computer is used in their work

C.      the manager spends more time with them

D.      the managers pay more attention to them

【  】68.Which of the following is the most essential to a successful

businessman?

A.      He can use computers in his work.

B.      He can handle orders promptly

C.      He can get timely information.

D.      He can improve his sales performance

【  】69. The office duties used to be         .

A. difficult     B. boring     C. heavy     D. appealing

【  】70.Which of the following is the best suggested title?

A.      Computers and Management

B.    

Computer Functions

C.    

Computer and Work Performance

D.    

Employment Benefits by a Computer

66．B．推理题。文中写道：由于计算机的使用，经理们不用再花费很多时间在控制管理上，取而代之由电脑帮助完成。因为如果实际工作表现与原定计划不同时，电脑便能迅速作出反应。由此可知，电脑的控制功能是指帮助经理来检验原定工作目标是否达到。所以，选B项。

67．D．细节题。由第一段最后一句可知，处理报告节省下的时间能够使经理们更多去关心员工的忧虑，这样会更鼓舞士气。所以，选D项。

68．C．推理题。由于电脑的使用，生意人能及时获得货存信息，告诉顾客他们的预定会很快到货，从而增加销售量。由此可知，获得及时的货存信息对商人来说至关重要。所以，选C项。

69．B．推理题。由原文中“routine”, “repetitive operation”可知，使用电脑之前的办公人员和工人的工作非常“boring”.

所以，选B项。

70．D．主旨题。整篇文章都在说由于电脑的使用，给不同职业的人都带来了便利。可知，文章最好的标题是：使用电脑所带束的好处。所以，选D项。